This document is the Structures section of the ADS Drainage Handbook.

It begins with an overview of structural considerations and an introduction to the section.

Information for design criteria include pipe section properties, material properties, installation conditions and soil factors and loads.

A portion of this section includes thermoplastic pipe design procedure and gives information on load and resistance factors, wall thrust, buckling, compressive strain, bending strain and combined strain.

Research and installations are also included as are figures for AASHTO H-25 and HS-25 highway load and typical and idealized corrugation profiles.

A variety of tables give information on general section properties for N-12®, N-12 ST IB and N-12 WTIB pipe, general section properties for HP Storm pipe, general section properties for SaniTite® HP pipe, general section properties for singlewall pipe, mechanical properties for thermoplastic pipe, classes of embedment and backfill materials, secant constrained soil modulus, shape factors, AASHTO highway loads carried by wheel set, live load datea for AASHTO H-25, HS-25 and Cooper E-80, load factors, resistance factors and load modifiers.